Answer
The Soviet famines, particularly the devastating one in the early 1930s known as the Holodomor, were exacerbated by the widespread adoption of Trofim Lysenko's pseudoscientific theories in agriculture. Lysenko's promotion of practices like vernalization (exposing seeds to low temperatures) and rejection of Mendelian genetics severely impacted crop yields, contributing to widespread food shortages and starvation in the Soviet Union.