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Anthropologist Thor Heyerdahl is known for his groundbreaking expeditions, particularly the Kon-Tiki expedition in 1947. During this iconic journey, Heyerdahl and his crew sailed across the Pacific Ocean on a balsa wood raft, demonstrating the possibility of ancient transoceanic travel using primitive methods. His other notable expeditions aimed to shed light on cultural diffusion and human ingenuity in the face of geographical barriers.