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M. S. Swaminathan was an Indian agronomist, geneticist, and plant breeder. He is known as the father of the green revolution in India. Swaminathan was born in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, in 1925. He received his bachelor's degree in agriculture from the University of Madras in 1947. He then went on to earn a doctorate in plant breeding from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1952.